“Country Lovers” by Nadine Gordimer and “Veronica” by Adewale Maja Pearce Essay

Investigate the manners by which connections are molded and affected by customary social desires in the short stories you have contemplated. Connections †non-romantic and personal †are at times worked from social desires; however how much are individuals ready to go to maintain those conventions? I will talk about two short stories â€Å"Country Lovers† by Nadine Gordimer and â€Å"Veronica† by Adewale Maja Pearce, in which both spotlight on cozy connections which are sentenced from the beginning because of exacting and solid social desires. Social impacts are depicted firmly by the non-British authors; one is set in an anonymous African town, and the other Apartheid South Africa. The two stories appallingly show the dangerous impact on connections, when a relentless obsession with convention makes them be obeyed past the purpose of sympathy, and everything else †including love †is dismissed. In â€Å"Country Lovers† the heroes Paulus (beneficiary to affluent cultivating business) and Thebedi (a dark ranch laborer) structure a between racial relationship in the time of Apartheid rule in South Africa. During Apartheid the partition among blacks and whites was gigantic. Skin shading decided each part of public activity. While the wealthy whites had their own well-prepared offices, living in enormous houses and having generously compensated occupations, blacks needed to make do with a much lower standard of life. â€Å"Apartheid laws denied most social contact between races† (Microsoft Encarta 2006) and between racial sex and marriage were firmly contradicted by law making it for all intents and purposes unthinkable for a blooming relationship, for example, Paulus’ and Thebedi’s to advance. They remained at two distinct sides of the track, while Paulus was child of a rich rancher, Thebedi took a shot at his homestead. The complexity between them is incredible; thus their financial and social contrasts would be profoundly disliked. An example of the difference, is the scene after Paulus and Thebedi met at the riverbed it says â€Å"and each got back with the dim †she to her mother’s cabin, he to the farmhouse†. A cottage in contrast with a house demonstrates the degree of Apartheid and the blacks day to day environments. Njabulo, additionally a slave worker would have lived here, and he had affections for Thebedi. Njabulo’s relationship with Thebedi is likewise directed by the desires for a person of color in that time, and furthermore his restrictions as a result of it. For instance, Paulus came back from school, and brought Thebedi endowments, since he could stand to, in spite of the fact that â€Å"Njabulo said he wished he could have gotten her a belt and earrings† (line 35). He couldn’t show his affection for her, since he didn’t have the methods. When Njabulo made plans to wed her, he couldn’t offer her folks the standard dairy animals that ought to have been given instead of Thebedi. This likewise shows the traditions of the blacks couldn't be mulled over while isolation that was going on. Likewise, when the â€Å"very light† (line 114) infant was being conceived it basically states â€Å"Njabulo made no complaint†. The previous sentences had been long and enlightening with numerous conditions, however this differentiating short basic one gives it significance and could show that he didn’t care, yet could likewise show that he couldn’t take care of business thus simply acknowledged it. Notwithstanding the way that it had been demonstrated that Thebedi had an intercourse with a white man, Njabulo possibly couldn’t get some information about it since he was a peasant and couldn’t do anything. Likewise, perhaps he felt awkward to scrutinize her with respect to the child, since it wasn’t phenomenal for white men to assault individuals of color in those occasions. Social desires constrained Njabulo to stay silent, thus it affected adversely upon their relationship. There was no trust or sympathy between them as he had â€Å"no complaint† when Thebedi had another man’s kid. Regardless of Thebedi’s marriage, the affection among Paulus and Thebedi appeared to be exceptionally unadulterated. In line 1 of the story it puts things in place for what the entire story depends on †â€Å"The ranch kids play together when they are little; however once the white kids disappear to class they soon don’t play together any increasingly, even in the holidays†. It quickly hauls us into the cruelty of living under Apartheid. The whole tone of the storyteller is cool and apathetic, maybe to show the musings and sentiments of the time. Most white individuals didn’t truly care about the disparity during the Apartheid framework, thus had no empathy towards the blacks or to what they were experiencing. The dispassionate tone of the story could likewise mirror the brutality of the individuals that were for politically-sanctioned racial segregation or unsympathetic towards the encounters of individuals of color, as the author Nadine Gordimer was a solid extremist in the counter politically-sanctioned racial segregation development. The initial line shows how there is no separation when the kids are youthful, however as they get more seasoned they find the gap, thus blacks start to call whites â€Å"missus and baasie† and blacks drop further and further behind in tutoring. The story utilizes nation explicit words to show that it isn't set in England, for example, â€Å"koppies† †little slope in South Africa. The story forcefully differentiates the ordinary connections among whites and blacks as they get more established to state â€Å"The inconvenience was Paulus Esendyck didn't appear to understand that Thebedi was currently basically one of the horde of homestead kids down at the kraal†. He conflicts with the standard and keeps on engaging their relationship, as opposed to simply stop his affections for her. The language utilized here, for example, â€Å"the trouble† shows that it was an issue that Paulus couldn't simply overlook Thebedi. In any event, when he grew up and out of adolescence and encountered the things of adulthood, it didn't dishearten his adoration for her. Despite the fact that it was required of Paulus to like these white young ladies as it recommends in the story â€Å"the sight of their amazing midsections and thighs in the daylight had never caused him to feel what he felt now†, â€Å"The head young lady of the ‘sister’ school wa s said to really like him he didn’t especially like her† he had more grounded affections for Thebedi. In the story, Paulus and Thebedi both go on a walk however ignorant of one another yet then meet while on the walk. This could represent that they each need to follow their own ways, yet it drives back to each other, â€Å"they had not organized this, it was an inclination each followed independently†. They at that point go into profound discussion, and during this scene the essayist utilizes heaps of spellbinding language and symbolism to portray their environmental factors, for example, â€Å"twisted and pulled at the underlying foundations of white stinkwood and Cape willow trees that loped out of the dissolved earth around them† and â€Å"old, and eaten trees held set up by fiery ones, wild asparagus catching up on between the trunks, and to a great extent thorny pear desert flora indented cleaned and bristly†. This strategy may have been utilized delay Paulus and Thebedi’s scene of satisfaction and happiness with one another †â€Å"she giggled a lot†¦sharing her entertainment with the cool obscure earth†. Another view is that nature is the main thing around them, it isn't oppressive and doesn’t judge them permitting them to be glad. The defining moment in the story is when Paulus and Thebedi engage in sexual relations and it is a delighted time, it says â€Å"they were not scared of one another†¦this time it was so beautiful, so exquisite he was surprised†. Albeit, because of the isolation of the time between racial connections were prohibited (as they were unlawful) thus their gatherings must be mystery, for being discovered would have brought about unforgiving disciplines and being socially evaded. Paulus and Thebedi conceal their adoration from others, explicitly by rationalizing Thebedi’s blessing â€Å"she revealed to her dad the missus had given these (plated loop hoops) as a prize for some work she had done†, and by sneaking all through the farmhouse â€Å"she needed to escape before the house hirelings, who knew her, came in at dawn†. The two of them have twofold existences. Paulus leaves for veterinary school and Thebedi weds Njabulo †the lives they â€Å"should† be driving in the event that they adhered to the social desires. When the infant is conceived everything changes. The author continually alludes to youth, during the key scene when Paulus looks for Thebedi and their infant, â€Å"He drank a glass of new, despite everything warm milk in the youth recognition of his mother’s kitchen† and furthermore â€Å"For the first run through since he was a kid he came directly in the kraal†. Youngsters are generally connected with blamelessness and naivety, thus perhaps this was utilized to appear differently in relation to the demonstration of homicide he will submit, or possibly to help the perusers to remember the relationship he had with Thebedi when he was more youthful. In lines 132-134, the long sentences utilized increment the anticipation and strain for the peruser, as they are anxious to discover what occurs straightaway, while the author babbles about unimportant data. There is a change in Paulus as he no longer goes into significant discussions with Thebedi; his language is short and cut as he says â€Å"I need to see. Show me†. After Thebedi gives him his kid, she utilizes a tale which relates to the circumstance, â€Å"the pack of youngsters had trodden down a harvest in their games or violated in some other way†¦and he the white one among them must mediate with the farmer†. This shows the infant was the result of some â€Å"transgression† and the duty happened to on him, Paulus to put it right. You can see that he f

A Brief Taste of Mexico essays

A Brief Taste of Mexico expositions Aztec locals, who have been followed back a great many years, initially occupied Mexico. In spite of their characteristic case to the land, Hernn Corts was effectively ready to lead the Spaniards to overcome quite a bit of their region in the sixteenth century. Thus, it was Spain that kept up outright command over Mexico, a gigantic area that stretched out as far North as todays Oregon, and as far west as todays Texas. Between the long periods of 1750 and 1811, different Spanish rulers managed the region. These rulers forestalled unrest by carefully upholding the division of the second rate masses, denying any opposition openings. Albeit neighborhood white Mexicans (of Spanish not too bad) administered their individual states, it was the rulers back in Spain that controlled Mexico in general. Spaniards were an infinitesimal minority; in any case, until 1822, they utilized power and procedure to effectively abuse Mexicos assets looking for riches. In 1811, rebel bunches started to bat tle against their administration. Bothered by the long war abroad, the Spaniards gave up to the defiance, taking into account Mexicos autonomy in 1822. From 1822-1841, Mexico endeavored to utilize majority rules system, yet the fair framework was abused; other than choosing pioneers, individuals despite everything settled on not many political choices. What's more, pioneers were continually killed. In 1841, a lied war legend known as The Unsinkable Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna pronounced oppressive control over Mexico, and supported by fearsome fighters, he indicated his Unsinkable side by declining to lose his capacity. Santa Clause Annas advantage lay in his huge measure of supporters, taking into account preferred insurance over past pioneers. The moderate chief lost his edge when Mexico lost land and lives to the U.S.- Mexican war. Benito Juarez, a liberal, ousted Santa Anna in 1855. He picked up help by composing a constitution, which required a vote based system dependent on un iformity. ... <!

The Most Extreme Precursor To The Reform Movement Was A Man By Essays

The most extraordinary forerunner to the Reform development was a man by the name of Samuel Holdheim. He was conceived in 1806 in Kempo in the territory of Posen. At a youthful age he learned at a yeshiva and got a Talmudic instruction. He started to contemplate German and common subjects after his union with a lady with advanced instruction. After their separate from quite a long while later, he started learning at the University of Prague and Berlin and got a doctorate from the University of Leipzig. Following help in Frankfurt - Am-Oder he turned into a Landesrabbiner or boss Rabbi of Mecklenberg-Schewerin. In the year 1847 he turned into the rabbinate of a change assembly in Berlin . At this point he previously opposed most liberal Rabbis and came to be known as the most model of change Rabbis in all of Europe ( 241) The inquiry rings a bell with regards to what precisely set off this diverse confidence in Judaism which varied altogether from past tenents. It began during the hour of the French upheaval, a period at the point when European Jews were (just because) perceived as residents of the nations wherein they lived in. Ghettos were being abrogated, uncommon identifications were not, at this point required and Jews could dress the way they needed, settle were they satisfied and work the occupations they wanted. Numerous Jews settled outside of Jewish locale, and started to live like their neighbors and communicate in the language of the land. They went to government funded schools and started to disregard Jewish Studies and overlook about he Shulchan Aruch. In 1815, after Napoleon's destruction, Jews lost the privileges of citizenship in numerous nations. Numerous Jews changed over to Christianity in request to hold those rights. Numerous keen Jews were concerned about this. They understood that a large number of these progressions occurred not due to an aversion for Judaism, yet so as to acquire better treatment. Numerous rabbis accepted that the best approach to deliver this was to power Jews to surrender government funded schools and colleges. This didn't work. Rabbis proposed that recognition may must be changed in request to speak to the Jew living the advanced world. They understood that once in a while old practices and new ones were presented, bringing about an alternate way of life then 4000 or even 2000 years already. They understood that these progressions frequently made life simpler for the Jew. They reasoned that so as to make Judaism appealing to all Jews this change needed to proceed. A gathering of Rabbis collected in Germany, and changes started, hence built up the beginning of Reform Judaism. Holdheim a change Rabbi himself felt that the Jews living during his timespan should change the laws given to them at Mt. Sinai and the halacha that the Talmud and Mishna state. Holdheim accepted that the laws of the Torah and the Talmud that were in actuality at the point when the Jews had their own nation and government have lost their authenticity. Judaism currently must be as per both the letter and the soul of laws of the countries they were living among. Indeed, even the laws of the Torah whose source was God must be viewed as legitimate for certain occasions and places as he said with the difference in the conditions and states of life for which God once gave those laws , the laws themselves stop to be usable, that they will be watched no longer since they no longer can be watched. In this manner , Holdheim said that the scriptural and Talmudic laws concerning marriage, separation and individual status are not, at this point pertinent and the Jews in these cases ought to be controlled by the state government (Sasson 835). He presumed that laws among man and man ought to be left to the standard of the state they lived in however inquiries of supplication and strict foundations ought to be left to the Rabbis since supplication was the most significant piece of strict life. Holdheim prevented the authority from securing the Talmudic dicta, the oral law. He says that it was composed by the hand of man however was supernaturally enlivened. His decision was that Jewish life ought to be founded on profound and moral direction of the Torah. Despite the fact that he didn't dismiss the Talmud and Mishna 100% for him they were no longer utilized for Jewish law however storage facilities of intelligence and morals (Gay 155). Representations of precepts that he dismissed during this time period were the festival of Shabbat on Saturday. The purpose behind this was there was ordinary school on Saturdays and the Jews felt school was a higher priority than watching the expression of

Cultural and economic analysis of India - 1100 Words

Cultural and economic analysis of India (Research Paper Sample) Content: Culture and Economic analysis in India Name Course Tutor Institution Date India is a nation that lies away from the rest of Asia. The continental wall of Himalayas separates it from Asia. The country is a large beak that is between Indonesia and Africa. India is the second largest nation across the globe. The physical location of the country makes it suitable agriculture. The agricultural sector in the country generates significant income to the nation’s revenue. The agricultural products include; livestock, sugarcane, tea, oilseed, rice, wheat, dairy products and cotton. In addition, the geographic location and climate influences other service sectors such as textile, steel, petroleum, cement and food production (Briney, 2011). The climate in India is mainly tropical. According to Becken 2010, the nation is also popular for its different climate characteristics. There are various climatic regions that include; the tropical semi-arid steppe, moun tain climate, drought that mainly occurs in Haryana, Gujarat and Rajasthan, moist subtropical with winter, tropical Savannah and rainforest. The types of rainfall include; areas that receive heavy rainfall, comparatively heavy rain, low precipitation and very little rainfall. However, the current global climate changes have also had negative effects on India. For example, the Ganges, Indus and the Brahmaputra runoff river systems contribute approximately 60% to the India’s main water streams. However, the water supply within the country is likely to decrease as a result of global warming. In addition, the increase in temperatures will affect agricultural produce in the country. India produces a third of the world’s tea. Nevertheless, the climate changes have caused the tea to dry. Therefore, the climatic changes are likely to negatively influence tea export in India (Becken, 2010). India is the world’s largest democratic nation. According Darlington, 2012 the p resident is the head of state. The president has the power to return a Bill in parliament for reconsideration. The system also has a legislative branch, which has about 530 members. The lower and upper houses share powers except in money matters where the upper house has more powers. The judiciary branch is also within the system and it consists of about 26 judges (Darlington, 2012). Politics in India are relatively stable. Political stability in a country influences its investments and economic growth. According to Biswas 2012 the current bad politics in India are a limitation to the fulfillment of India’s economic potential. However, the writer states that India is a corrupt nation whose leaders seek to gratify their selfish nature. Despite the oppression of the poor in India and increase in corruption the nation still enjoys economic stability (Biswas, 2012). India is a nation of many languages. According to Oracle ThinkQuest 2013 India has fifteen national languages that are within the country’s constitution and the languages are spoken in more than 1600 dialects. The main official language is Hindu. However, English still remains as the nation’s official work language (Oracle ThinkQuest, 2013). Language is an asset in businesses as it helps the prospects communicate. Kumar 2011 states that despite of India’s use of English as its official language individuals who wish to invest in the country need to understand certain cultural cues that relate with the Indian communication. Nevertheless, India’s diverse languages and proficiency in English encourage investments (Kumar, 2011). According to the Census of India (2011) religion in India provides a good scope of social richness as many religions across the globe came from this country. In addition, religion that had foreign origins have also done well in India. The most common religions in India include; Jains, Sikhs, Buddhists, Muslims, Hindus, Christians among others. Rel igion plays an important role in India’s economy, culture and society. Therefore, within the nation religious business ceremonies are common (Census of India, 2011). India’s population is one of the largest in the world with 1,241,491,960 inhabitants. The population in India comes second after China. The total of males in India is approximately 655.8 million and a total of 614.4 million females. 50 per cent of the nation’s current population is between zeros to twenty five years. In addition, about fifty one births take place in a minute in India. Every year the population in India increases than any other nation in the world. The country’s inhabitants represent approximately 18 per cent of the world’s total population. Therefore, this means that for every six people on the planet one person is a resident of India (Population of India 2013, 2013). India’s Gross Domestic Product grew with an average of 1.3 per cent in the last quarter of 20 12. Since the year 1996 to 2012 the country’s GDP grew at an average of 1.6 per cent. However, in 2003 the rates grew to a high average of 5.8 and a low of -1.7 in the first quarter of 2009. The Gross Domestic Product in India measures the seasonal changes in the value adjustments of services and goods of the Indian economy for every quarter. 60 percent of the nation’s GDP comes from; trade, transport and communication, insurance, bank systems, real estates, personal and social services, and from community businesses (Trading Economics, 2013). According to the Government of India (2013) the exports of September 2013 had a value of US $ 27679.33 million. The exports were higher than September 2012. The total value of exports between April-September 2013-14 was $ 152105.40. The value of the exports registered a growth of 5.14 per cent (Government of India, 2013). The distribution channels and work conditions in India are diverse. The distribution channels of goods and s ervices in the country include; people, transport vehicles, motorbikes and consumers. However, in the country the distribution channels are very poor. Goods and services often delay before they get to the consumer. Furthermore, most suppliers use traditional means of distribution that are very cumbersome. The working conditions in India are different from the western nations. The office hours in the country run from Monday to Saturday for 10 o’clock to 6 pm every day. The business practices, work culture depend on a region and the type of an organization that an individual works. Hierarchies are very important within the Indian culture and work environment. People from the western countries may perceive an employer’s attitude towards an employee as rude. However, it is a normal practice in India. The salaries offers are in lakhs. In addition, the salaries receive an increase at the rates of 12 and 14 percent per annum (Working Conditions and Distribution in India, 201 3). India is a nation that lies away from the rest of Asia an...

Multiple Personality Disorder Free Essay Example, 1250 words

There is also the sudden loss of interest and motivation. Things that often brought joy and happiness to the affected individual may no longer have an effect on them, and this is often characterized by a lack of enthusiasm about life and some of its joys. Lack of proper self-care, hygiene, and poor demeanor at this stage are often indicators that something is wrong with the person. Speech anomaly can also be a symptom that makes individuals unable to make coherent or articulate conversations, and when they do intend to say something, their voice may not have any tinge of emotion (Hayes, 2014). Treatment and control of MPD A lot of controversy surrounds the treatment of individuals with MPD, which has led to individuals leading poor deprived lives, and sometimes without the hope of any effective treatment. Psychotherapy, often described in some quarters as harmful, may be the only method or technique that can effectively manage and control the MPD disease among people who suffer from it. There is indirect harm caused when different research studies and findings suggest that such treatments are harmful to the people they are meant to treat and care for. We will write a custom essay sample on Multiple Personality Disorder or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page First, stabilization of the symptoms should be considered, where individuals suffering from MPD can be taught how to regulate their impulses in their dissociative states, proper coordination and cooperation. Once this is complete, the trauma that was experienced should be revisited, paying careful attention to the individual’s safety and stability (Gentile, Dillon ensuring that they live healthy and fulfilling lives. Presence of MPD in society Individuals who suffer from MPD are often associated with family histories where the family structure was dissociative in nature.

The Amphitheater Named After The Flavian Dynasty - 990 Words

The Flavian amphitheater named after the Flavian dynasty emperors who built it or better known as The Colosseum was a large arena built in 80 C.E. and used for gladiatorial games, mock sea battles,theater plays, and public executions until its fall to christianity in 404 C.E. It was called the Colosseum for the great statue of Nero nearby named Colossus. The Colosseum, also known as the flavian amphitheater was built of travertine stone from the quarries of Albulae. The massive stone blocks that made up a good portion of the seating, arena, and the massive stone columns that supported the magnificent structure were moved to Rome on a road constructed specifically for that purpose. The seating consisted of 45,000 seats, arranged in an oval surrounding the arena. It also had 5,000 standing places for the Roman public. It had 80 arched entrances all around the arena, with 4 of them being non-accessible to the public at the minor and major axises. The entrances at the major axis provide d direct access to the arena. The minor axis entrances provided access to the special seating boxes for the emperor, empress and other very important people. â€Å" It measured 527 meters in circumference and its diameters were 189 and 156 meters, with the height of the structure being 48 meters high. â€Å" (romancolosseum.org) The seating nearest to the arena was reserved for very important Romans like the emperor the vestal virgins and priests. The emperor sat in the north end of the arena and theShow MoreRelated The Colosseum Essay2316 Words   |  10 Pagesbut also convince the magnitude that Rome had become a power to be reckoned with. He wanted them to know that Rome now again had strong and unquestionable power in the world after the strong and bitter civil war it had recently gone through. His idea was to create an amphitheater. This theater, named the Flavian Amphitheater, earned a reputation as the greatest and deadliest structure ever built during the Roman Empire. The Roman people found their greatest entertainment at public gladiatorialRead MoreVisit At The Beautiful Colosseum1425 Words   |  6 Pageswere supposed to be, very similar to modern day theater. Most commonly known as the Flavian Amphitheater, the Colosseum was a symbol of pride for Rome. The name ‘Colosseum’ derives from the latin word ‘colosseus’ which means colossal. This was in reference to the large statue of Emperor Nero which was right next to the site before it was destroyed during an earthquake. It was originally named after the Flavian dynasty of Emperors during this time. Vespasian, the emperor during AD 69 to AD 79, was theRead MoreThe Colosseums Role in Ancient Roman Society Essay5679 Words   |  23 PagesEven the earliest societies have left evidence of some sort of activity or hobby that they used as a form of entertainment. Perhaps the most famous building that was used as a form of entertainment is the Roman Colosseum, also known as the Flavian amphitheater. In ancient Rome, the most popular form of entertainment was the gladiator fights. These fights, usually among animals and trained public fighters, were staged in open arenas in a citys forum. There is evidence that the gladiator fights wereRead MoreWriting De Architectura And The Ten Books On Architecture2048 Words   |  9 Pageson materials, religious, public, and domestic structures, mechanics, clockwork, and panting. This work was originally written in Latin, and dedicated to Octavius, the emperor at the time. Vitruvius wrote these books in the last period of his life, after working for Julius Caesar, and being trusted with the design of siege engines and artillery by Augustus. Once retired, he became Octavia’s patron, and used this time to work on De Architectura. In this writing he points out that an architect shouldRead MoreSeven Wonders of the World2986 Words   |  12 Pageswonders of the ancient world list, which was built in 2584 BC. It is located at Giza Necropolis, Egypt. This pyramid is about 800 feet long, 450 feet high and is build from 2 million blocks of stone. It is said to have been built as the tomb of the 4th dynasty Egyp tian Pharaoh Khufu. (Baxamusa) 1.2 Hanging Gardens of Babylon: Hanging Gardens of Babylon is built around 600BC. It was built by King Nebuchandnezzar. He built the garden for his wife Amytis of Media to enjoy a private, terrace garden withoutRead MoreMidterm 3 History Essay8024 Words   |  33 PagesClementia to all those who requested it. o   Ã‚  Pompey fled to Egypt after his massive defeat. o   Ã‚  Caesar pursued Pompey.  ·   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How did Pompey die? o   Ã‚  Pompey is immediately killed right off of the boat in Egypt by the locals, so that they could appease Caesar.  ·   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How did Caesar get involved with Cleopatra? o   Ã‚  Caesar got involved with Cleopatra when he decided to involve himself in a power struggle amongst the Ptolemies after arriving in Alexandria. Caesar establishes Cleopatra as Queen of

Management and Business Context Globalization

Question: Discuss about the Management and Business Contextfor Globalization. Answer: Introduction Globalization is a process of integrating ones economy with others. People across the globe have come closer to one another due to cross-border exchange of goods and services. International transfer and communication has become as integral part for an organization in the present era of globalization. This phenomenon plays an important role while generating business across border (Beck, 2015). The growth of developing countries is caused due to globalization. Subways non-traditional growth in America has helped the chain to achieve a sustainable business within a short tenure. Its international expansion has remain extensive with its first international store was opened 16 years ago in Saudi Arabia. The brand has continued to grow despite of global recession. The secret of their success is due to the fact that people want healthy food over the traditional fast food. The company is persistently looking for new market in order to grow extraordinarily. There market is growing at a fast p ace by occupying the growth opportunities resting with it. At an international level the company is looking for an entrepreneur who is excited for the brand and wants to grow together with Subway (Hirst, Thompson Bromley, 2015). Companys Overview Subway is a privately held American Company that primarily sells submarine sandwiches and salads. The company is owned and operated by Doctors Association, Inc. It is known to be one of the fastest growing fast-food chains with 44,882 stores in 112 countries. Surprisingly it is one of the largest single brand stores across world (History, 2016). The headquarter of Subway is in Milford, Connecticut whereas the regional offices are located in Amsterdam, Brisbane, Beirut, Singapore and Miami (Chancey, 2010). What is the Environment? Business environment consist of the set of external conditions that affects the business. These external forces have maximum potential to put a positive as well as negative impact on the business (Crane Matten, 2016). In case of Subway, the environment consists of its rivals like KFC, McDonalds, Pizza Hut etc, social trends, political and economic conditions affect the consumer goods. For the purpose it is necessary to breakdown the environment into the two components: The macro environmental factors and competitive environment. The former consist of overall trends and events taking place in the society that affects the product or an organization. Social, economic trends, technological trends etc forms to the part of the general environment factors. The latter includes factors that collectively compete with each other by providing similar goods and services (Pieterse, 2015). The action taken by the organization creates a degree of change in the environment in the surroundings. Most of the business organizations are limited to influence the similar business whereas there is certain business organization that affects the other industries as well. In case of Subway their decision to reduce the quantity of salt in sandwiches can lead to other organizations to revisit the amount of salt. The majority of business organizations have a sheer impact on the decision of the other organizations. There is an impact of the power and influence on the decision making of an organization which combines in general to form macro environmental factors. Overall the environment has a huge impact on the culture of the organization. These factors are given important privilege while formulation of the policies. It is recommended to the executives in an organization to give an important consideration while considering environmental factors (Baylis, Smith Owens, 2013). Firstly it is the environment that provides the resources to the organization to grow in an effective manner. No organization is self- sufficient. It requires help from the environment in order to grow extensively. Subway cannot grow without the contribution made by the allied organizations and franchisee. These external parties provide subway with appropriate resources in order to grow. An organization cannot grow with the help of the external environment. Secondly its the environment that causes oppor tunities and threats to the organization. Subway in the late 1990s has created an opportunity to position itself as a healthy substitute against the traditional fast-food restaurants. Threats are those events that can undermine the interest of the organizational performance. Subway has faced threat from the upstart restaurant chain. There are majority of business organization across the globe providing similar food. Noodles and Company provides with healthy food substitutes. These small sized organizations are famous among localities. They have positioned themselves as one of the most promising healthy food companies (Scott, 2013). Moreover it is essential for a business environment to create opportunities for the business environment in order to grow. There are natural disaster event that has caused wide spread destruction to the growth of the organization. It is difficult for a business organization to keep a check over the environmental factors. These factors affect the business organization on a long run. Thirdly, the environment affects most of the strategic decisions taken by the organization. It is the duty of the executives to create a sustainable environment helping in achieving a considerable growth. Organizational goal play a significant role for a business that struggle to achieve appropriate results. Environmental condition plays an important role for a business organization that wants to open a venture in a new country. The macro environmental factors of the other country need to be considered well in advance to launch an innovative product. Subway while expanding its business considers all the relevant macro environmental factors in order to attain success (Lutz, 2014). Trends Toward Greater Globalization There are two most important macro environmental factors that need to be considered towards greater level of globalization. Firstly it is due to the declining trade and investment barriers and the change in the technology. Another reason is due to the global financial and political crises that have created a massive involuntary refugee movement changing the complete trend of the business (Wiedemann, 2013). There are increasing opportunities in Asia that has lead to significant growth among various multi-national organizations. This has resulted in movement by multinational organization in order to grab the market. This has substantially reduced the barriers to the investment made by the organization in order to attain a major share in cross-border transactions. During the past decade there is an increase in the foreign direct investment made by the multi-national organizations in the countries like Mexico, China and India that has helped in increasing number of opportunities. It is d ue to the fact that the cost of labor and other input is less in the developing countries (Hitt, ET al.2012). Subway has surpassed McDonalds in term of global presence. There is more than 40,000 subway chain as compared to 30,000 approximately food chain of McDonalds. The latter is still facing the challenge posed by the competitor and lagging behind with a huge margin. Subway has a passion to expand its business operations across border with the strategic intervention (Austin Pinkleton, 2015). Below mentioned are the reasons that made subway a ubiquitous organization across border: Firstly the food chain is easily accessible with the restaurants are efficiently build and requires a very less square footage as compared to the McDonalds. It is due to the fact that the organization can open easily as compared to the other food chain. Secondly, subway has a strategy to serve healthy food that makes it different from the other food chains. It is one of the easy choices of the consumers across border. Thirdly it is due to the ability of the customer to use a customized product when compared with the other food chain which does not provide similar facility. Subway has provided with a customized option to its customers. Moreover it has modified its meals according to the local conditions. This has helped in gaining a better market position as compared to other food joints (Doyle, 2015). Necessity of Globalization For a company like Subway it is important to notice that the world is becoming a small space which has led to majority of positive effects in the future of the business. Where other companies have failed to adopt the globalization strategies, Subway has gained a greater market share through its marketing strategies (Fayol, 2016). Moreover there global expansion strategies have helped in gaining a considerable market place. Subway has concrete marketing strategies that have made it one of the globally acclaimed organizations. the fast food business organization has gained a considerable place as compared to other food chains like Pizza Hut, McDonalds, KFC etc. there product has created a huge fury in the market with rigorously retaining the market(Gopinath Siciliano,2013). SWOT Analysis Strength Subway is the Market leader with worlds largest single-brand franchise operating in 110 countries. The Brand is recognized throughout the world Healthy food options are available at Subways making it one of the most recognized brands among youth. Company is incurring High level profits Global presence helps in attracting more consumers across the border. Weaknesses There is a Lack of uniform performance among franchises Unstable service commitment by different stores causes an unpleasant experience to the customer. Subway has come under a serious scrutiny due to the use of corn syrup There are Restricted suppliers to purchase products from selected Subway The activities of the organization are controlled from the central position limiting autonomy in branches. The diversification strategy of subway is Poor and limited as opposed to other fast-food restaurants Threats Huge amount of competition from other fast food outlets such as McDonalds, Pizza Hut, KFC, etc. The company is facing Legal issues during its operations. There are maximum possibilities of Food contamination. Moreover there is a Rising costs of supplies reducing overall profitability of the franchise Change in the economic conditions such as disposable income, foreign exchange and taxes are affecting the company. Opportunities There are ample of opportunity for global expansion. Diversity is one of the major opportunities available with the organization while extending its business operations. They can diversify into other food products They can form Partnerships with toy manufacturers and other recreational organization in order to promote the brand name. They have rising opportunity in case of Merger and acquisition that would increase the market share. Recommendation It is highly recommended that a company while expanding globally must focus on its resources and structure. This not only provide with a long term sustainable growth but help in achieving targets. In a modern business atmosphere it is recommended to Subway that it should adopt a diversification strategy in order to penetrate in the global market. Diversification of product line while entering into the global market help in securing a better place in the market when compared with the other organization, Subway has to modify its menu in order to secure a distinguished market place socially in the case of Asian market. This market has ample of growth opportunities in order to outgrow the possible outcome. Subway has to penetrate in the market which has many opportunities. Global business organization needs to focus on the basis of the market. Every market has a different set of growth opportunity (Hill, Jones Schilling, 2014). Subway has to modify its meal and functions according to the market requirement. Globalization although has created major opportunities but in case of expansion the strategy need to be implemented focusing on the available business opportunities resting in the country. Conclusion The report examines the contextual factors affecting the growth of Subway while expanding its business operations. Subway is a world-class food chain with majority of stores providing healthy meals to the customers. Globalization is integration of worlds economy with other countrys economy. Marketing plan identified in the report will serve as a channel during the execution of the marketing strategies. The profitability of the company depends upon the adaptability o the company into the different environment conditions. Subway has its own strengths and weaknesses that have helped significantly at the internal and external level. The company in order to expect a sustainable growth should ensure stringent marketing plan that ensures growth. They need to focus on adopting the pricing and promotional strategies as per their franchise and position in order to secure a distinguished position. References Austin, E. W., Pinkleton, B. E. (2015).Strategic Public Relations Management: Planning and Managing Effective Communication Campaigns(Vol. 10). Routledge. Baylis, J., Smith, S., Owens, P. (2013).The globalization of world politics: an introduction to international relations. Oxford University Press. Beck, U. (2015).What is globalization?. John Wiley Sons. Chancey,B.(2010). How Subway Went Global. (Online). Retrieved from: https://www.qsrmagazine.com/interviews/how-subway-went-global Accessed on 3 February 2017 Crane, A., Matten, D. (2016).Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press. Doyle, G. (2015). Brands in international and multi-platform expansion strategies: Economic and management issues. InHandbook of Media Branding(pp. 53-64). Springer International Publishing. Fayol, H. (2016).General and industrial management. Ravenio Books. Gopinath, C., Siciliano, J. I. (2013).Strategize!: experiential exercises in strategic management. Cengage Learning. Hill, C. W., Jones, G. R., Schilling, M. A. (2014).Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Hirst, P., Thompson, G., Bromley, S. (2015).Globalization in question. John Wiley Sons. History.(2016). (Online). Retrieved from: https://www.subway.com/en-us/aboutus/history Accessed on 3 February 2017 Hitt,M. et al.(2012). Strategic Management: Concepts: Competitiveness and Globalization. Cengage Learning, Lutz,A.(2014).4 Reasons for Subways Explosive Growth. (Online). Retrieved from: https://www.businessinsider.in/4-Reasons-For-Subways-Explosive-Growth/articleshow/36313858.cms Accessed on 3 February 2017 Pieterse, J. N. (2015).Globalization and culture: Global mlange. Rowman Littlefield. Scott, A. (Ed.). (2013).The limits of globalization. Routledge. Wiedemann, L. (2013).Business Strategies and Value Chain Management. AuthorHouse.

Wetland Conservation Essay Example For Students

Wetland Conservation Essay The issue of Wetland Conservation Essay and policy has long been an issue of controversy among interest groups and industry. When observing the number of endangered or threatened species that inhabit wetlands it is apparent that there is a pressing need to conserve them, especially when the leading cause of species loss is habitat destruction (Nowlan and Jeffries, 1996). There is currently in place a system of policies and laws which culminate to create a relatively effective means of enforcement, however, through the lack of a single Act which pertains to wetlands there continues to be inadequacies within the system. Though the federal government has released the Federal Policy on Wetland Conservation it is not admissible in court and therefore only stands as recommendations by which the government would like the public to abide. The vastly different types of wetlands located through out B. We will write a custom essay on Wetland Conservation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now C. create many difficulties in the creation of a single policy, however, if there was a broad based Act which was committed to the current federal policy of no net loss of wetlands it would eliminate the need for overlapping laws at the three levels of government. What Designates an Area as a Wetland A wetland can be described in many ways, most of which provide a great deal of vagueness in the distinction between the different classifications as these areas frequently fit into more than one grouping within a very small space. There are basic traits which all wetlands share, in that they are any land which is covered in less than six meters of water at low tide (if tidal) for all or part of the year (Zoltai, 1988), this description includes freshwater wetlands such as shallow ponds, marshes, peat bogs, swamps and fens, as well as saltwater wetlands such as tidal flats, saltwater marshes, eelgrass beds, estuaries and deltas (Nowlan and Jeffries, 1996). With such a broad range of ferti le lands included in this description it is no surprise that they maintain such a high level of biodiversity. This description is however the most basic possible, in that it only allows for a general identification of wetlands, rather than classifying them by type or by the systems to which they are a part of. Nowlan and Jeffries (1996) group wetlands into five categories in accordance with their parent systems: Marine, non-estuary saltwater wetlands; Estuarine, wetlands around the mouth of a river; Lacustrine, wetlands connected to lakes; Riverine, wetlands connected to rivers; Palustrine, marshy wetlands. This method if classification is most effective when viewing wetlands from a policy perspective as it allows for them to be classified as distinctly as possible. Zoltai, in Wetlands of Canada (1988) uses over sixty very specific descriptions for the different types of wetlands in Canada, the problem with this being that the traits of wetlands may change from season to season and within small geographic areas. There is a consensus that the coastal wetlands of the Pacific are of the greatest ecological significance in the field of biodiversity; as they never freeze and are therefore able to provide year round habitat for fish and wildlife (Nowlan and Jeffries, 1996). Significance of Wetl ands Wetlands have an anthropocentric value which has long been looked over in the development of society, in that they have traditionally been though of as barren wastelands which have no value to humans and therefore have been used as dumping grounds (Schiller and Flanagan, 1997). This pioneer mentality has lead to the paradigm that wetlands are only impeding urban development and that they are indeed useless because they have no immediate or apparent cash value. The truth however, is quite the contrary. Clean water, which is essential to all life, when extracted for consumption by cities and towns, can be attributed to wetlands (Schiller and Flanagan, 1997). Through natural breakdown and retention of toxins in effluents, wetlands are able to filter solid wastes as well as industrial wastes containing heavy metals; ensuring that they do not harm human populations or other ecosystems. In low-lying areas that are prone to flooding wetlands play a crucial role in ensuring that civilizations are not destroyed, by acting as a sponge, wetlands are able to absorb large amounts of water and slowly .

The Roman Empire and the Gladiator Games essays

The Roman Empire and the Gladiator Games essays The Roman Empire was the undoubted pinnacle of society prior to the Middle Ages, and nothing came close to expressing its might, culture, and subjects as the Gladiatorial games did. Views on such Roman sports being cruel and barbaric are merely superficial as these events were deeply integrated within this ancient empire, representing its ideals. Often these were spectacular battles in awe-inspiring arenas which were themselves an architectural masterpiece of those times. Above all, the games portrayed the glory of success, the satisfaction of which nothing else could give. To the Romans, from the Emperor to the commoner, their empire was the epitome of power. These games were showpiece events that displayed the might and glory of victory that Romans hold so close to their hearts, especially so, at a time when war and territorial conquests was getting infrequent. As seen in Gladiator, the sight of a victorious competitor in the arena after a bloody battle brought immense cheering and approval from the fans. Only the best gladiators were deemed appropriate to compete in the Colosseum which greatly raised the games' standard. The replication of these games in the provinces served to highlight the influence these games had and indirectly integrated these towns closer to the central axis of power, Rome (referred to as "the light" in the movie). The battle arenas themselves symbolized power in the architectural sense. The Colosseum was the largest and perhaps most elegantly crafted structure in Rome, and it was only fitting that such a magnificent arena sh ould stage important events such as gladiatorial games. With their obsession of power and glory, it is no wonder that the crowds are fickle enough to change "allegiance" to whichever group of gladiators is winning the battles at the moment as seen in the battle between the charioteers and the slave gladiators in the movie. The sponsor of the Games (usually the Emperor) also showed his o...

Universalism,impartialism, & utilitarianism Essay

Universalism,impartialism, & utilitarianism - Essay Example Two of the most powerful theories that have affected and are still affecting how people shape their mindset, goals, and life would be Universalist and Impartialist theories. Universalism is a theory that hinges on a central belief that all people are saved. Universalism is a theory that hinges on a central belief that all people are saved. This salvation has been paid in the most expensive and precious price of the body and blood of Jesus Christ that was shed on the cross. A lot of people ask why it was necessary for Jesus’ sacrifice and Universalists believe that it is the only way for sinful humans to be reconciled to God again after being separated from him because of sin. This salvation applies to all human beings whether they accepted Jesus as their Lord and Savior or not because this redemption would be achieved in one’s lifetime or the afterlife where God will bring people to repentance. This reconciliation does not exclude evil beings. An example of a Universali st point of view would be a mind set wherein one does not depend on one's regularity in church attendance every Sunday because based on this view no amount of good works could save one from eternal death except for Jesus' death on the cross. Another would be the belief that there are no levels of sin. When one chooses to do bad, it displeases the Lord. However, this does not mean that one could be cut off from the love of God. On the other hand, Impartialist theory believes that Impartialism which means choosing something over the other is not necessarily a negative or a positive thing. Being impartial is not closely linked to morality (Hsieh, D., n,d.). This is because of the fact that one can be impartial, choosing another option based on rational qualifications without meaning any harm to the other party. One example of which would be to choose to not go to your friends beach party and yet attend your other friend’s house party because of the fact that you cannot swim. Fur thermore, a person could be impartial in a way that affects his or her action’s morality when one chooses something over the other based on personal motive or gain. A good example of which would be to choose to hire a friend you know is not totally capable of the job just because you can get a wide range of connection from that person and putting off an unfamiliar applicant who is clearly equipped for the job because you don’t see any obvious personal benefits from doing so. Based on the definitions of Impartialist and Universalist theory, both are strongly interconnected with Utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is a philosophy that was first developed by English philosophers John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham. It was based on the experiences of women who were forced into slavery. From this, these philosophers developed the belief that criminals need not only be punished, instead reformed where every being is brought to their utmost positive potential. Thus, Utilitarianism in its entirety is a theory that puts premium on the value of happiness which is achieved in the absences of pain and where pleasure is the ultimate goal (Utilitarianism, n.d.). Impartialism is strongly applied in the theory of Utilitarianism because as Impartialism puts significance in welcoming impartial decisions or actions just as long as it is in line with moral ethics – not having ill motives, which is correlational to Utilitarianism which puts utmost importance on man’s happiness achieved through activities, social acceptance, success, power, luxury, and etc. If one successfully abides in the Impartialist theory, Utilitarianism is achieved as man can reach ultimate happiness. Aside from that, the Impartialist point of view is backed up by what ethics, morality, and at the same time natural law teaches us. Natural law which is the foundation of it all holds the universal law of humans’ right to live, have a decent home, be fed, be nurtured and cared for, be loved, be educated and etc

A commercial office environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

A commercial office environment - Essay Example Linux runs on a variety of hardware platforms including Sun, Intel and digital. To meet its role and stand out from similar operating systems, Linux has been included with several edge features which are constantly improved. This paper is out to present an overview of a commercial office environment in which Linux is applicable, mention the relevant factors for the Linux to be deployed in such an environment and present the successes associated with this Linux deployment (Siever and Robbins, 2005). Considering the way a commercial office environment is a dynamic network that entails many key requirements such as scalability, flexibility, extensibility and adaptability, Linux is suitable in such a place as it meets all the above requirements. A commercial office is a business operation thus any equipment or facility used has to be cost effective. This is where Linux beats most of Operating Systems as it is free thus economical to any office environment. Such an environment operates best with Java development as the office activities call for the need to access network resources in a way that cuts a cross platforms allowing for addition applications into the network is the shortest time possible. Linux is the best when it comes to such adjustments which are common in offices. Now that the office environment is ever changing, workers need to be in a position to log in from different locations and stations and at the same time consistently accesses of the files shared. This is a c ommon practice in commercial office environments and Linux makes it as easy and convenient as possible. This will allow the workers work in an environment that is familiar thus increasing their productivity (Rubin and Corbet, 2005). Traditionally, most if not all the machines in commercial offices were operated with Windows NT, with their software servers being Solaris. Such a set up called for the need of additional

Save the Tiger Essay Example for Free

Save the Tiger Essay This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2009) Save the Tiger is a 1973 film about moral conflict in contemporary America. It stars Jack Lemmon, Jack Gilford, Laurie Heineman, Thayer David, Lara Parker and Liv Lindeland. The film was directed by John G. Avildsen. The screenplay was adapted by Steve Shagan from his novel of the same title (the first book by the author of The Formula and other thrillers, and generally regarded to be his most successful novel by literary standards). Lemmon won an Academy Award for his role as Harry Stoner, an executive at a Los Angeles apparel company on the edge of ruin. Throughout the film, Stoner struggles with the complexity of modern life versus the simplicity of his youth. He longs for the days when pitchers wound up, jazz filled the air, and the flag was more than a pattern to put on a pants pocket. He wrestles with the guilt of surviving the war and yet losing touch with the ideals for which his friends died. To Harry Stoner, the world has given up on integrity, and threatens to destroy anyone who clings to it. He is caught between watching everything he has worked for evaporate, or becoming another grain of sand in the erosion of the values he once held so dear. Plot A bleak story that depicts an outwardly successful man questioning the value of the material prosperity he is desperately trying to maintain, it follows the uncertain path of Harry Stoner, the real tiger (Jack Lemmon), an executive at an apparel company close to ruin. With no legal way to keep the company from going under, Stoner considers torching his warehouse for the insurance settlement. Meanwhile, he drinks, laments the state of the world, and tries his best to keep the business rolling as usual. This last task is complicated when a client has a heart attack in the arms of a prostitute provided by Stoner. With nerves still shaky, Stoner takes the stage at the premiere of his companys new line, only to be overcome by war memories. He ends the day spontaneously deciding to go home with a young, free-spirited hitchhiker, whose ignorance of his generation underscores his isolation from the world around him. At the end of the film, Stoner agrees to the warehouse getting torched and then walks by a Little League game and attempts to act as pitcher to the children. One child shouts out, You cant play with us, Mister! , leaving Stoner yet again isolated from another part of society. Production and reception The movie was written by Steve Shagan and directed by John G. Avildsen. Lemmon was determined to make the movie, despite its limited commercial prospects, and so he waived his usual salary and worked for scale. The movie was filmed in sequence after three weeks of rehearsal in Los Angeles. There is also a novel version of Save the Tiger, by Shagan: the title comes from a campaign to save tigers from extinction to which Stoner contributes. The movie failed financially at the box office, but critics and viewers who saw it liked the Oscar-winning performance of Jack Lemmon as Stoner. Why should we save tigers? At the turn of the 20th century, according to estimates, India probably had many thousand tigers in the wild. In 2002, based on a census using the pug mark technique, this number was 3,642. As per the monitoring exercise by Wildlife Institute of India in association with National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA), Government of India, using camera traps, in 2008 we were left with only 1,411 tigers. This number is so small that they will be gone soon if we don’t wake up to the crisis. The tiger is not just a charismatic species or just another wild animal living in some far away forest. The tiger is a unique animal which plays a pivotal role in the health and diversity of an ecosystem. It is a top predator which is at the apex of the food chain and keeps the population of wild ungulates in check, thereby maintaining the balance between prey herbivores and the vegetation upon which they feed. Therefore, the presence of tigers in the forest is an indicator of the well being of the ecosystem. The extinction of this top predator is an indication that its ecosystem is not sufficiently protected, and neither would it exist for long thereafter. If the tigers go extinct, the entire system would collapse. For e. . when the Dodos went extinct in Mauritius, one species of Acacia tree stopped regenerating completely. So when a species goes extinct, it leaves behind a scar, which affects the entire ecosystem. Another reason why we need to save the tiger is that our forests are water catchment areas. Therefore, it’s not just about saving a beautiful animal. It is about making sure that we live a little longer as the forests are known to provide ecological services like cl ean air, water, pollination, temperature regulation etc.

The Birth of the Congo as a Free State :: African History Essays

The Birth of the Congo as a Free State In the beginning years of his sovereignty, King Leopold the Second of Belgium began to show an interest in the natural resources of Central Africa, especially the wild rubber that was growing within the heart of the jungle. In the year 1876, he called a conference of humanitarians and travelers together who met at Brussels for the sole purpose of debating various plans of how the â€Å"Dark Continent† could be opened up (Doyle). From this conference, the International African Association was formed, which, in spite of its name, was almost entirely a Belgian body, with the Belgian King serving as the President. Its objective was the exploration of the country and the establishment of civilization centers and â€Å"rest-houses† for travelers (Doyle). At the same time, Leopold also pursued the spread of Christianity and freedom to the â€Å"savages† of Africa, so he hired the famous journalist and explorer Henry Morton Stanley to travel the length of the river t o begin signing treaties with the native tribes (Kinshasa). For almost six years from 1879 to 1884, this great explorer labored on behalf of King Leopold, investigating the basin of the Upper Congo River and simultaneously hoping to establish his own imperial society in Central Africa. Upon Stanley’s return from his great journey in 1878, he was met by a representative from the King of Belgium who enrolled him as an actual agent for his Association (Doyle). The immediate task given to Stanley was to open up the Congo for trade at once. Furthermore, he was to make terms with the natives that would enable the stations to be built and the depots established. Thus, in 1879 Stanley finally began his work (Doyle). Stanley labored hard among the Native Chiefs, undisturbed by any of the destructive effects that his own work created, and returned to his employer with at least 450 alleged treaties which transferred land to the Association. There is no record of the exact payment made in order to obtain these treaties, but there is evidence of a similar transaction carried out by a Belgian officer in 1883 at Palabala (Doyle). In that particular case, the payment made to the Chief consisted of "one coat of red cloth with gold facings, one red cap, one white tunic, o ne piece of white baft, one piece of red points, one box of liqueurs, four demijohns of rum, two boxes of gin, 128 bottles of gin, twenty red handkerchiefs, forty singlets and forty old cotton caps.

The Need to Introduce Flexible Benefit Plans for Employees

The employees of today†s workforce are divers. With such a workforce at hand, an employer must have a flexible benefit plan to match the composition of its employees. Flexible benefit plans are a written plan under which employees of a company are allowed to choose two or more benefits consisting of cash and qualified benefits (Everett & Miller, 1994). Some benefits offered under a flexible benefit plan are health care, dental, reimbursement accounts, life insurance, accidental death and dismemberment coverage, long-term disability, vacation, retirement savings, spouse accidental death and dismemberment coverage, and dependent care (Kleiner & Sparks, 1994). A young couple can be assured that their jobs not only meet the daily needs of their growing family, but that their children are covered for very little cost in their own employer-provided hospitalization and health care insurance. A worker employed by the same organization, approaching retirement, can choose benefits that will maximize his/her retirement income as much as possible. With his/her own children grown-up, he/she needs to attend only to his/her own needs. Also known as â€Å"cafeteria plans,† the organization offering a choice of applicable benefits to their employees ensures that the benefits for which they pay are the most useful for each of their employees. Costs are rising in almost every area of benefit provision and administration. The organization is able to secure more favorable rates for those benefits used, if the organization is not required to provide the same service to each employee (Webster, 1996). Employee benefit plans have had a long history, and can be traced back to 1794, when the first profit-sharing plan was created by Albert Gallatin in his glassworks in Pennsylvania (Kleiner & Sparks, 1994). Another notable benefit plan includes those made by the American Express Company in 1875 with the first private pension plan, and the first group annuity contract issued in 1921 by the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company (Kleiner & Sparks, 1994). These early benefit plans were only the beginning of the benefit packages. As it turns out, the Social Security Act of 1935 gave employees across the country a legal framework that supported the development of many forms of employee benefits. Very few employers provide full family health care coverage at no cost to the employee in today†s world, but everyone can save when they provide that coverage only to those who need it. Even though the employee almost always shares the cost now, the employer still provides the major portion of the cost of health care insurance. In today†s increasingly competitive business climate, everyone is forced to operate as efficiently as possible. The advantage to the organization and employees of having a flexible benefit plan is clear. Businesses are not required to pay for services its employees will never seek. For instance, pediatric care was provided across the board in one organization, a significant numbers of the company†s leadership were well past the point of needing that type of coverage for their family (Webster, 1996). Flexible benefit plans can be a very important tool for recruiting new employees and retaining current employees. Also, the costs of administering such plans may be offset to a large extent by the payroll tax savings generated when employees convert previously taxable compensation and income into a nontaxable fringe benefit tax (Everett & Miller, 1994). Flexible benefit plans also provide the employee with the advantage of being able to ensure that benefits chosen are those that best meets their needs. The primary advantage of flexible benefit plans is that the employer and employee receive certain tax advantages. This depends on the types of programs the employee chooses. In some cases, the employee may choose cash rather than any benefits at all, but that option is dependent on company policy. For instance, many companies offer pay in lieu of off the job vacation time, but other companies insist that employees take their accrued vacation time. Another advantage of flexible benefit plans is the ability of the organization to shift some of the cost of benefits to the employees who use them, while simultaneously offering tax advantages in other areas such as 401K plans. Any benefit that is not paid in cash, but is treated as such, is taxable to the employee, but the employee tax liability decreases the employer†s. Any benefit that does not satisfy the nondiscrimination clause of the Internal Revenue code is taxable (Webster, 1996). Other benefits are nontaxable either to the employee or to the employer. To be nontaxable, the benefit must be a qualified benefit under Section 125. Such qualified benefits include accident or health plans, disability benefits, accidental death and dismemberment benefits, the first $50,000 of group term life insurance, a group dependent care assistance plan, and a group legal services plan (Webster, 1996). A disadvantage of flexible benefit plans is that employees are often overwhelmed by the numerous choices a plan may have to offer. In many cases, companies are contracting accountants, financial planners, investment counselors and other consultants to help employees wade through the vast array of options (Jurek, 1995). Such consultant use increases the employers† costs of providing the flexible benefits plans, but employers believe the guidance is needed. As for the IRS, it only requires organizations make flexible benefit plans available to all employees, not explain the intricacies of all options. Employers† that provide flexible benefit plans show the desire to in increase employees† loyalty to the company. In an increasingly tight labor market and faced with the necessity of operating as efficiently as possible, in order to remain competitive, employers view the flexible benefit plan as a tool to enhance employee morale. Flexible benefit plans are also used to improve employer-employee relationships, reduce overall costs of providing benefits, and reduce the incidence of employee turnover (Leonard, 1994). Replacing an employee can cost more than the annual salary of that employee, so it is to the employer†s advantage to retain as stable a workforce as possible (Leonard, 1994). From both the employer and the employee point of view, flexible benefit plans make sound financial sense (Kleiner & Sparks, 1994). These plans provide a way for employers to control and budget benefit cost. At the same time, it is also a way for employees to enhance their benefits while paying expenses with pre-taxed dollars.

Notes On Computer Science Engineering - 2290 Words

TERM PAPER On Hacking Submitted to Mr. Y.S Rathore Amity School of Engineering Technology Guided By: Submitted By: Mr. Y.S Rathore Raj Sharma A2305213236 AMITY UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH GAUTAM BUDDHA NAGAR Declaration by the student I Raj Sharma student of B.Tech-3CSE3 hereby declare that the project titled HACKING† which is submitted by me to Department of Computer Science AMITY SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, in partial fulfillment of requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in Computer Science Engineering , has not been previously formed the basis for the award of any degree, diploma or other similar title or recognition. The Author attests that permission has been obtained for the use of any copy righted material appearing in the Dissertation / Project report other than brief excerpts requiring only proper acknowledgement in scholarly writing and all such use is acknowledged. 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